The biomass energy data book is a statistical compendium prepared and published by oak ridge national laboratory ornl under contract with the office of planning, budget, and analysis in the. Introduction to biomass bioenergy is a carbonneutral, environmentally friendly, sustainable energy source that has proven potential to relieve a significant portion of our reliance on fossil fuels. Renewable energy module i overview of renewable energy sources lecture1. Originally written for bamenda, september 2628, 2006. Note that pumped storage is listed separately, so the total generation. There are three forms of bioenergy available with todays technology. Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass.
Introduction to biomass kmw energy manufacturer of. The most popular biomass energy source is wood, but biomass energy sources also include garbage, waste, landfill gases, and alcohol fuels. Department of chemical and biochemical engineering rutgers. A regional energy planning could have an important role to play in order to achieve energyefficient and. A first course in renewable energy iap 2009 massachusetts institute of technology instructor mohammadreza alam phd course description this is an engineering introduction to renewable energy technologies and potentials. Japans biomass has the potential to meet a part its primary energy needs.
The source photosynthesis stores 300 ejyr as biomass energy human energy use 400 ejyr carbon cycle. Biomass is the only other naturally occurring energycontaining carbon resource that is large enough in quantity to be used as a substitute for fossil fuels. Since the beginning of mankind, we have made use of wood, water, and fossil fuels as a means of heating and making machines. Biomass energy the definitive guide biomass energy is largely touted as the best alternative to petroleum and its derivatives in electricity generation. Major world energy source biomass from plants is one of the major world fuel sources about 9 % of the global primary energy use, 2001 biofuels. Department of electrical engineering, veer surendra sai university of technology burla page 1 veer surendra sai university of technology burla, odisha, india department of electrical engineering lecture notes on renewable energy sources subject code. About 43% of the total carbon fixed on earth is done in forests. Lecture notes on renewable energy sources subject code. Fall 20 biomass and biofuels engineering bsen 55406540 rationale. Biomass to parts pdf with notes we can expose biomass to many different kinds of chemicals and conditions and get it to turn into a variety of things. Here you can download the free lecture notes of renewable energy sources pdf notes res pdf notes materials with multiple file links to download.
Additional readings are listed on the related resources page. Hence a choice of biomass energy especially in rural areas is more reasonable but. Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as a fuel. Energy for cooking 2,400,000,000 people use biomass wood, charcoal, dung for cooking poor people can spend about 14 of their income on energy for cooking in some areas, women spend 46 hours a day, walking up to 10 km to gather firewood 11. This lecture offers an overview of biomass chemistry and provides some comparisons with fossil fuels. Lecture4 characterization of biomass the characterization of the conversion processes of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels requires a large array of methods and analytical systems to extract the meaningful parameters necessary to describe the solid materials and the conversion liquors. Download lecture notes on renewable energy sources pdf free. Renewable energypotentials and achievements module ii characterization of biomass lecture4. Technological barriers have to be overcame in order to promote the bioenergy development. However, with the emergence of global warming as a serious concern in. Biomass energy is an abundant, secure, environmental friendly, and renewable source of energy.
Biomass energy is a form of solar energy solar energy is captured via photosynthesis as carbon dioxide is incorporated as fixed carbon during the growth stage of all biomass average solar incidence is about 4000 wm2day biomass capture efficiency is 1% thin film photovoltaic efficiency is 10% light, chlorophyll. Energy storagebatteriesfuel cells hydrogen economy. Biomass energy use is currently dominated by wood, but government regulations driving rapid expansion of ethanol and biodiesel production. It is interesting to consider that we have been chemically breaking biomass into its parts for well over. The materials covered in lecture will be illustrative rather than exhaustive. One of the major advantages of biomass is that it can be.
The lecture notes and other reference materials will be posted on sakai or the class website. Biomass production can have both positive and negative effects on species diversity. Lecture notescourse materials the road to renewable energy. In the energy field, biomass refers to the organic matter living or residue that can be used as combustible material or energy source for power generation, heat or biofuels. Lectures and readings introduction to sustainable energy. On a small scale there is most likely a net loss of energy as a lot of energy must be used for growing the plant. Biomass availability, potential and characteristics. Biomass is still an expensive source of energy, both in terms of producing biomass and converting it into alcohols, as a very large quantity of biomass is needed. Kelly birdintern neoscia please note that the biomass notes are focused on agricultural biomass. Cr ops designed either exclusively for a biomass energy feedstock or for the coproduction of energy and other agricultural products. Net energy balance ratio and life cycle assessment. After a description of the main types of biomass used in the energy field, their composition is given and the main parameters to evaluate their energy potential are. Biomass is becoming one of the most important sources for energy in the united states, and has a potential to substitute up to 33% of the total current energy consumption.
Each new crop or harvest represents a partial renewal of its resource base. Biomass chemistry pdf with notes once you know what biomass is chemically composed of, you can see clear differences with oil. Biomass is any organic matter that is renewable over time. The total biomass produced annually by photosynthesis contains approx. Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in. Biomass for energy versus food and feed, land use analyses. It is important to note that currently crop residues are used and have an. When talking about converting biomass into useful form of energy it is important to explain that conversion technologies may produce the energy directly, in the form of heat or electricity, or convert it to. Biomass mcb 1 biomass all organic matter that grows by the photosynthetic conversion of solar energy. The growth rate of biomass energy use is about 1 % each year 3. This is the primary energy source of nearly all life on earth stored energy in plants can be converted to useful energy n conversion releases the co 2 back into the atmosphere n in the natural ecosystem, this process is sustainable indefinitely plants store solar energy. They are electrochemi cal devices similar to a battery and consist of a container, an.
Farmers arepotentially in a good position to utilize bioenergy becausethey are already knowledgeable and well. Shapiro chapter 1 20 summary principles of marketing philip kotler, gary armstrong summary principles of macroeconomics n. Lecture notes on renewable energy sources pdf, this document doesnt claim any originality and cant be applied as a substitute for prescribed textbooks. Energy from wind is acquired through the use of large wind turbines. Upgrading the biofuel quality by extracting harmful species especially for biogas and syngas ammonium, sulfur. Bioenergy conversion lecture notes linkedin slideshare. Sustainable energy generation is seen as one of the largest challenges of our generation. Biomass is a complex term referring to agriculture residues, plant materials, human waste, and other combustible residues. This set of lectures is entitled energy from biomass, where the biomass is aimed to be a sustainable carbon neutral source of energy. However, woodfuel production systems as well as agroforestry have the potential to increase biodiversity. Renewable energy technologies biomass and wind em9105. Alternative sources of energy an introduction to fuel cells. These turbines ideally need to be located in areas where there is strong wind and low atmospheric turbulence. Gg 140 lecture 34 renewable energy open yale courses.
Alternative sour ces of energy an introduction to fuel cells by e. Lecture notes massachusetts institute of technology. Major world energy source biomass from plants is one of the major world fuel sources about. The significance of liquid fuel production from woody. Biomass field crop residue, feed grains, crop milling residues, dedicated energy crops 7 denmark target values for potassium and chlorine are 0. Biomass energy the definitive guide alternative energy. The data presented here is a set by the committee members to get their various teaching assignments. It is important to note that the enduse of the feedstock determines. Biomass is a sustainable and reliable energy resource 2.
The expectation is that there wont be a single solution and the berkeley lecture on energy will discuss the different routes. Econ 1101 lecture notes microeconomics summary financial institutions management. A regional energy planning could have an important role to play in order to achieve energy efficient and costefficient energy systems. The possibility of using woody biomass for energy production and other products has the potential. Merewether abstract fuel cells are important future sources of electrical power and could contribute to a reduction in the amount of petro leum imported by the united states. Nonconventional energy resources by b h khan pdf free download. In general, biomass is broken down using acids, bases, solvents or enzymes. The course aims to introduce a general engineeringscience audience to the basic concepts of renewable energy. Introduction the inefficiency of handling and transporting. These include wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy and geothermal energy. All lecture slides posted below are used with permission of the authors. Biomass energy is a form of solar energy solar energy is captured via photosynthesis as carbon dioxide is incorporated as fixed carbon during the growth stage of all biomass average solar incidence is about 4000 wm2day biomass capture efficiency is 1%. A background paper prepared for the international institute for environment and development iied for an international espa workshop on biomass energy, 1921 october 2010, parliament house.
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